Parmotrema fossils from Dominican and Mexican ambers. A−C. Parmotrema specimen 3 (AMNH DR-14-294) from Dominican amber; A. Maculate upper surface and long, branching marginal cilia; B. Lower surface with rhizines; C. Dark lower cortex and a cross-section of the lobe revealing the medulla; D, E. Parmotrema specimen 4 (GZG.BST.22085) from Mexican amber; D. Smooth upper surface and long, dark marginal cilia. The dark, robust rhizines are also visible from the upper side through the semitransparent thallus; E. Branching rhizines on the lower surface.