Comparison of selected Rhaetian and Norian phytosaur osteoderms in external view. A. WMNM P98442, left paramedian osteoderm from the Rhaetian Bone Bed 2, Exter Formation, Bonenburg, Germany. Note the resemblance of sculpture to C and D; B. MfN MB.R. 2747, five articulated paramedian osteoderms of the left side in association with anterior dorsal vertebrae of Mystriosuchus sp. (Butler et al. 2019), Exter Formation, Steinlah near Salzgitter, Germany. Note the resemblance of sculpture to F; C. Isolated gular osteoderm MfN MB.R. 4224 from the Rhaetian of Halberstadt (Germany) figured by Huene (1922, fig. 112) and assigned to ‘Angistorhinops ruetimeyeri’ by him. Note the resemblance of sculpture to A and D; D. Isolated left paramedian osteoderm MfN MB.R. 4372.1 from the Rhaetian of Halberstadt, Germany. Note the resemblance of sculpture to A and C; E. Isolated left paramedian caudal osteoderm MfN MB.R. 4374.1 from the Rhaetian of Halberstadt (Germany) figured by Huene (1922, fig. 87) and assigned by him to a small indeterminate phytosaur; F. Right paramedian osteoderm NHMB N. B. 14 of ‘Angistorhinops ruetimeyeri’ from the Rhaetian bone bed of Niederschönthal (northern Switzerland) figured by Huene (1911b, Pl. VIII, fig. 2). Note the resemblance of sculpture to B; G. Right paramedian osteoderm MfN MB.R. 4219 from the Rhaetian of Halberstadt (Germany) figured by Huene (1922, fig. 113) and assigned to ‘Angistorhinops ruetimeyeri’ by him; H. Left paramedian osteoderm SMNS uncatalogued of Mystriosuchus sp. from the middle Norian Stubensandstein of Aixheim, southwestern Germany; I. Right paramedian osteoderm SMNS 4063/7 of Nicrosaurus kapffi from the middle Norian Stubensandstein of Heslach near Stuttgart, south-western Germany. Abbreviations: a, anterior; m, medial; o, osteoderm; v, vertebra.